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		<title><![CDATA[Ask a Biologist Q&A]]></title>
		<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/index.php</link>
		<description><![CDATA[The most recent topics at Ask a Biologist Q&A.]]></description>
		<lastBuildDate>Thu, 17 May 2012 11:30:53 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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			<title><![CDATA[Colleges for herpyology in India.]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8397&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Is there any college in India for herptology? What about jobs in future?</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (David Hone)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Thu, 17 May 2012 11:30:53 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8397&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Studying Biology, Geography and Paleontology.]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8396&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Hello,</p><p>I am 27 years old and I never graduated college I dropped out the last year and decided to follow an institute program in film.<br />As happy as I am with what I do, I guess I was always fascinated in evolution and biology.<br />Is it too late for me to be able to study? Or is there a way in fact since I never graduated&nbsp; college?</p><p>Thank you and Best Regards,<br />Fady</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (John Steemson)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Thu, 17 May 2012 09:51:27 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8396&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Universities For Biology]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8395&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>So now I am finishing school, then one year in the military and after that I will go to the university. Which universities in UK are good and have a good potential of research? </p><p>thanks ;D</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (David Wynick)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Thu, 17 May 2012 07:03:13 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8395&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Causes of Speciation]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8394&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Could someone briefly outline the potential causes of speciation? </p><p>Thanks (&quot;,)</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (Dave Warburton)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 20:46:42 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8394&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Archaea and Bacteria]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8330&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>I&#039;m trying to update the biology curriculum for my grade 2/3 students and my grades K -5 science club students. Everything we have at school teaches the outdated biological classification model of 5 kingdoms. I want to teach the updated 3 Domains and 6 Kingdom model, but I have little knowledge of Archaea. I&#039;ve been searching the web for days trying to figure out exactly how to explain them to my students - prokaryotes, extremophiles- usually found in geysers, highly salted lakes, deep sea vents, Antarctica, ... Once were considered very primitive, but the more scientists study them the more they think that they are higher developed than Bacteria and may have adapted to extreme conditions as a way to deal with competition. What more should they know about these organisms? I remember hearing something about the fact that they don&#039;t use oxygen, and that they live on sulfer, but am unclear on what is meant by these things,&nbsp; if they are even true.</p><p> Additionally, how would I explain the difference their the cells of Archaea and Bacteria? I usually have the children draw basic diagrams of cells of the different kingdoms, but I am having a hard time figuring out how I would have them differentiate between Archaea and Bacteria. All the information I&#039;ve found deal with the difference being with ether linkages and cell walls lacking peptidoglycan. I have no idea what these things are, and even less of an idea on how to teach it to young children. Any ideas?</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (ReetikaSuri)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 15:54:24 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8330&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[heart rates]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8384&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Hello<br />I found out recently that the smaller the animal, the faster its heartbeat. Apparently an elephant&#039;s heart beats once every three seconds, whereas a mouse&#039;s beats around 8 times a second (I think...). This seems to me very counter intuitive - surely the smaller the animal the less far the blood needs to be pumped around the body and so the less the heart should need to beat...? Wouldn&#039;t a bigger animal need far more heartbeats to get the blood all around such a big body?<br />I am confused! Please can you help.<br />Many thanks, Rosie</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (ReetikaSuri)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 14:04:49 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8384&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[organisms]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8383&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>how do scientists identify organisms and classify them?what do they primarily look for?</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (ReetikaSuri)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 13:59:44 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8383&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Why do plants die from over-watering?]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8387&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Everybody knows that you need to water plants. This water is taken in from the roots and ends up transpiring through the leaves. Why would giving a plant too much water kill it?</p><p>Also, my wife tells me that you can tell when a plant has been over-watered because its leaves turn yellow. If this is true do you know why? I can&#039;t fathom it.</p><p>Thanks once again for you standard excellent help!</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (ReetikaSuri)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 13:58:32 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8387&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Would a squirrel injured like this last for long?]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8392&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Hi there</p><p>WARNING - this question is quite upsetting and involves animal suffering.</p><p>I witnessed something horrible on my way to work this morning. The car in front of me ran over the rear end of a squirrel. As I drove past it the poor thing was running around the round and appeared unable to move the rear half of its body. I was shocked, didn&#039;t know what to do, and drove on in horror. I really wish I&#039;d stopped and put the poor thing out of its misery.</p><p>Does anyone know what fate a squirrel like this (an American grey in London, UK) would have in store? I&#039;m really hoping that it would have died of internal injuries very quickly with as little suffering as possible but I&#039;d love someone to give their opinion on this if only to lessen my worry.</p><p>I need an outlet and I can&#039;t tell my wife since she&#039;d be even more upset than me. Thank you very much for any help you can give me.</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (Manabu Sakamoto)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 12:52:36 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8392&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Maximum crocodile size]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8393&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>According to <em>Guinness World Records 2012</em>, the saltwater crocodile can reach a length of 33 feet/10 meters. This seems a bit high; is it?</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (Adam)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 10:58:52 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8393&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Grey wolf bite force.]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8390&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>I have read many times and remember seeing a documentary showing that a grey wolves bite force is capable of reaching 1500 psi so i was wondering is it true?</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (Manabu Sakamoto)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 08:59:07 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8390&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Heavy bone unknown]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8391&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>I found the bone on the beach on the end of a narrow island surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean an Barnegat Bay in New Jersey. It is very heavy and I haven&#039;t got the slightest idea as to what animal it belongs to. Please help!</p><p>[img]webkit-fake-url://DB0003D3-69E5-4CFF-85EB-13678E9DC7CB/imagejpeg[/img]</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (Brent Richards)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 01:24:54 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8391&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Is this possible?]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8389&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>I know, I know this is going to sound stupid but is there possibly a way that a strange mutation of a disease could occur and turn people into humans craving flesh (zombies). I have heard of a disease spread through canabalism called Kuru which is probably the closest you could get to zombies yet. What do you think?</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (David Wynick)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Tue, 15 May 2012 16:03:50 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8389&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[A career in research]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8388&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>I am in the middle of my A levels finals and I want a career in research. Uptil now my grades have been exceptional. My parents want me to do medicine first as it has greater scope in my country. I eventually aim to do a PhD. However I believe that a BSc in Biology sciences better prepares one for a PhD because it has a lot of work in the laboratory, projects, internships etc. as opposed to monotonous learning that is a characteristic of medicine. Also a BSc is shorter and I could be doing a PhD much sooner than if I went into medicine. What should I do? I like learning a lot. But I myself am not sure whether I have the patience and other virtues required of a research scientist. I do not want to make riches from my career. Rather I want something that gives you respect and enough money to sustain yourself reasonably. Also I want to trule love what I do. Thanks.</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (David Wynick)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Tue, 15 May 2012 15:48:17 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8388&amp;action=new</guid>
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			<title><![CDATA[Various questions]]></title>
			<link>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8374&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>1. I&#039;ve been reading up on homeobox sequences (mainly of flies), I was just wondering whether formation of a clept lip and cleft palate is a result of a mutation in the homeobox sequence that alters causes the philtrum not to fuse.</p><p>2. I had a minor disagreement with my biology teacher about gene therapy. I said that it can only be used to cure single recessive genetic disorders (e.g. cystic fibrosis) by the addition of the a functioning dominant allele of the gene. Due to recessive-dominant relationship, the domianant allele (the added, working one) will be expressed and not the persons own faulty one. This makes complete sense to me but for some reason she had no idea what I was talking about. Bear in mind that I am an A Level student and my knowledge isn&#039;t very extensive but all the example I have read about have been recessive single gene defects (cystic fibrosis, MD, sickle cell anemia, heamophilia). Since it&#039;s difficult enought trying to use gene therapy to cure recessive diseases, wouldn&#039;t it be even harder to cure a dmoniant disease. Am I right or is she?</p><p>3. In gene therapy wouldn&#039;t adding another allele mean that you have 3 alleles. If a recessive disorder needs two recessive alleles 2 work and those 2 are present, dpes adding a dominant allele automatically negate this so the dominant allele is expressed instead? </p><p>4. I understand epistasis to be the interaction of genes at different loci in which the epistatic gene masks the expression of the hypostatic gene. I also understand that dominance is the relationship between alleles in which one the dominant gene masks the expression of the resessive allele. I was just wondering how this expression is masked. I can&#039;t help but think it&#039;s like the lac operon when a regulator gene makes a repressor protein but the lac operon is temporary and epistatic and dominant interactions are permanent. Is there a repressor protein that permanantely binds to the masked gene? </p><p>5. Following the above question, how does our body know whether an allele is recssive or dominat. Is there differences in the DNA sequece that signal that the allele is a dominant one or a recessive one?</p><p>6. I know that as we get older out telomere shortens causing senescence. If we were able to keep&nbsp; all our telomeres from shortening (and providing we remained eternally free from disease) could we hypothetically be immortal as we wouldn’t be affected by the afflictions that come with old age. </p><p>I am currently obssessed with genetics and have about a trillion other questions. I understand that this post is extremley long and I appreciate any help I can get.</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (David Wynick)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Tue, 15 May 2012 08:14:14 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>http://www.askabiologist.org.uk/answers/viewtopic.php?id=8374&amp;action=new</guid>
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